Bayesian Seismic Refraction Inversion for Critical Zone Science and Near?Surface Applications

The critical zone (CZ) is the region of Earth’s surface that extends from bottom weathered bedrock to tree canopy and important because its ability store water support ecosystems. A growing number studies use active source shallow seismic refraction explore define size structure CZ across landscapes. However, measurement uncertainty model resolution at depth are generally not evaluated, which makes identification interpretation features inconclusive. To reliably resolve velocity with depth, we implement a Transdimensional Hierarchical Bayesian (THB) framework reversible-jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo generate samples posterior distribution structures. We also perform 2D synthetic tests how well THB traveltime inversion can different subsurface find recovers both sharp changes in as gradual increases depth. Furthermore, series ridge-valley systems northern California. shows an increasing thickness low material channels ridgetops along transect parallel bedding strike, implying deeper weathering below hillslopes than channels. method enhances image structure, estimates it yields provides objective way interpret deep structure. be applied other near-surface studies, especially presence significant topography.